3D facial images

Three-dimensional (3D) facial images were taken of participants using a 3dMDface system (3dMD Inc., Atlanta, GA, USA) photogrammetric device by trained photographers.

During image capturing, all participants faced towards the middle modular camera unit and had a neutral facial expression with the eyes open. For measurement waves 9-10 and 13-14 years, two types of images were collected: dental (with lips open to show all teeth) and non-dental (with lips closed). At measurement wave 17-18 years, only non-dental 3D images were taken. Non-dental 3D facial images of mothers were taken at the child’s age of nine only, using the same procedure as the child.

Citation Loading citation...
Keywords
Constructs
Waves
  • Generation R

  • 9-10 years
    •   C M
    8.7 - 12.5 years   From 2012-01-01 to 2016-12-31
  • 13-14 years
    •   C
    12.5 - 16.8 years   From 2016-01-01 to 2019-12-31
  • 17-18 years
    •   C
    17.0 - 18.0 years   From 2020-10-01 (ongoing)
    Mode of collection MeasurementsAndTests    Anthropometrics/Body measures
    Analysis unit Individual
    Instrument name 3D facial images
    Measure name Facial shape development
    References
    van Meijeren-van Lunteren, A. W., Liu, X., Veenman, F. C. H., Grgic, O., Dhamo, B., van der Tas, J. T., Prijatelj, V., Roshchupkin, G. V., Rivadeneira, F., Wolvius, E. B., & Kragt, L. (2023). Oral and craniofacial research in the Generation R study: an executive summary. Clinical Oral Investigations, 27(7), 3379–3392. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-023-05076-1
    You can also access this dataset using the API (see API Docs).