Leiden Consortium on Individual Development

The Leiden Consortium on Individual Development (L-CID) study was founded by Marinus van IJzendoorn, Eveline Crone, Marian Bakermans-Kranenburg and Rutger Engels in 2013. It was developed as one of four work packages of the overarching Consortium on Individual Development (CID). The L-CID study is a large-scale longitudinal intervention study in which 500 families with same-sex twins are followed over a six year period. L-CID has a cohort-sequential design with two cohorts: an early childhood cohort (ECC), aged 3-4 at wave 1, and a middle childhood cohort (MCC), aged 7-8 at wave 1. Annual assessments consist of alternating lab- or home visits during which behavioral and neurobiological data are collected. The collected data allow, among others, for testing which child characteristics shape the effect of (manipulated) environmental factors. The aim of L-CID is twofold: 1. To investigate the development of social competence and behavioral control in children between 3 and 14 years old; 2. To dissect the reason why not all children are equally responsive to variations in the social environment.

Alternate title
    L-CID, Leiden-CID, Samen Uniek
Purpose The primary aim of the Leiden-CID study is to increase our understanding of the developmental pathways of social behavior and behavioral control that are important to the development of social competence, from early childhood to young adulthood. If we better understand the mechanisms involved in developmental processes of social competence, this allows us to understand optimal conditions that add to the well-being of developing individuals.
Data access information
L-CID believes that open science is important in improving scientific quality. Therefore, our we make our codebooks, protocols and collected (meta)data accessible to other researchers.
https://www.developmentmatters.nl/data-access/
Publisher
Principal investigators
van IJzendoorn, Marinus
Leiden University, Erasmus University Rotterdam, University of Cambridge
Crone, Eveline
Leiden University, Erasmus University Rotterdam
Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian
Leiden University, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Engels, Rutger
Leiden University, Erasmus University Rotterdam
Contributors
Wierenga, Lara
Leiden University
Achterberg, Michelle
Leiden University, Erasmus University Rotterdam
Language NL
Funding information
Dutch Research Council
024.001.003
Funder identifier
https://ror.org/04jsz6e67
Funder identifier type
ROR
Funder identifier type URI
https://ror.org/
Funder award title
Gravitation program
Funder award URI
Contact information
Eveline Crone
Leiden University, Erasmus University Rotterdam
ecrone@fsw.leidenuniv.nl
References
Time method Longitudinal
Universe Same-sex (51% girls), mono- and dizygotic twins between 3 and 16 years old, and their parents (primary parent and other parent). Children in the early childhood cohort (ECC; N = 476) were followed from 3 to 9 years of age, whereas children in the middle childhood cohort (MCC; N = 514) were followed from 7 to 16 years. All participants lived in the Netherlands (within two hours travel time from Leiden). The majority of the participants were Caucasian (ECC: 88%, MCC: 90%). Additionally, participants had both a low, middle-, as well as a high socio-economic status (ECC: 7–37–56%, MCC: 9–46–45%). To be eligible to participate, potential participants had to be fluent in Dutch, their parents and grandparents had to be born in Europe (because of genetic analyses), and the twins should have the same gender. Excluded were children with a congenital disability, psychological disorder, chronic illness, hereditary disease, or a visual or hearing impairment if the disorder disabled the child from performing the behavioral tasks or from participating in the (f)MRI or EEG/ERP measure. Children with a previously diagnosed intellectual disability (IQ < 70), history of neurological or psychiatric illness and/or use of psychotropic medications were also excluded. Lastly, contraindications for fMRI, including metal implants, heart arrhythmia, and claustrophobia would lead to exclusion as well.
You can also access this dataset using the API (see API Docs).