Dataset

Steroid hormones

Steroid hormones, for instance Testosterone, Estrogen, Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and Cortisol, measured with traditional enzymatic tests, such as Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA).

In NTR, salivary testosterone (YC_BS1, YC_BS2, YC_BS3, YE_ATTEF2, YE_COG12, YE_COG18), salivary cortisol levels (YC_BS1, YC_BS2, YE_ATTEF2, YE_COG12, YE_COG18) and urinary estradiol levels (YC_BS1, YC_BS2, YC_BS3) were measured. Specifically, in NTR projects YC_BS1, YC_BS2, and YC_BS3, salivary testosterone levels were determined with an immunometric (lumininescention) assay (ILB, Hamburg). In NTR projects YC_BS1 and YC_BS2, salivary cortisol was determined by time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (Department of Psychology, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany). In NTR project YE_COG12, salivary cortisol was determined by time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (see: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025321609994), and salivary testosterone was measured after diethylether extraction using an in-house competitive radioimmunoassay employing a polyclonal antitestosterone-antibody (Dr.Pratt AZG 3290; see: https://doi.org/10.1375/twin.9.4.558). Total urinary estradiol levels (projects YC_BS1, YC_BS2, and YC_BS3) were determined using a competitive (luminiscention) immunoassay (Architect, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois, USA).

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Keywords	stress biomarker cortisol hormone saliva sample biological sample omics steroid hormone hpa axis oxidative stress urine
Constructs	physiology
Waves	Young Netherlands Twin Register YC_BS1 C S 9.0 years From 2005-01-01 to 2005-01-01 YC_BS2 C S 12.0 years From 2007-01-01 to 2009-01-01 YC_BS3 C S 17.0 years From 2012-01-01 to 2014-01-01 YE_ATTEF2 C S 12.0 years From 2002-01-01 to 2004-01-01 YE_COG12 C 12.0 years From 1998-01-01 to 2000-01-01 YE_COG18 C S 18.0 years From 2004-01-01 to 2006-01-01
Mode of collection	MeasurementsAndTests Biological sample/measurement
Analysis unit	Individual
References	Bartels, M., de Geus, E. J. C., Kirschbaum, C., Sluyter, F., & Boomsma, D. I. (2003). Behavior Genetics, 33(4), 421–433. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1025321609994 Hoekstra, R. A., Bartels, M., & Boomsma, D. I. (2006). Heritability of Testosterone Levels in 12-Year-Old Twins and Its Relation to Pubertal Development. Twin Research and Human Genetics, 9(4), 558–565. https://doi.org/10.1375/twin.9.4.558

Purpose	The research carried out by the Netherlands Twin Register focuses on the role of heritability in mental and physical health. For instance, the NTR investigates why some people become more easily depressed than others, or why certain people get diabetes while others do not. Other research areas include lifestyle and habits that influence health and disease, such as smoking, drinking and exercise.
description
Alternate title	NTR
Data access information	Researchers with an approved data sharing request who abide by the rules of the European General Data Protection Regulation can receive temporary access to the NTR data for their own research projects. https://ntr-data-request.psy.vu.nl/
Publisher	Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Principal investigators	Boomsma, Dorret I. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Cohort study international identifier
Language	NL
Funding information	Dutch Research Council 480-15-001/674 Funder identifier https://ror.org/04jsz6e67 Funder identifier type ROR Funder identifier type URI https://ror.org/ Funder award title Funder award URI Dutch Research Council 575-25-006 Funder identifier https://ror.org/04jsz6e67 Funder identifier type ROR Funder identifier type URI https://ror.org/ Funder award title Funder award URI Dutch Research Council 480-04-004 Funder identifier https://ror.org/04jsz6e67 Funder identifier type ROR Funder identifier type URI https://ror.org/ Funder award title Funder award URI Dutch Research Council 911-09-032 Funder identifier https://ror.org/04jsz6e67 Funder identifier type ROR Funder identifier type URI https://ror.org/ Funder award title Funder award URI
Contact information	NTR Data Management Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam ntr.datamanagement.fgb@vu.nl
References	Boomsma DI, de Geus EJ, Vink JM, Stubbe JH, Distel MA, Hottenga JJ, Posthuma D, van Beijsterveldt TC, Hudziak JJ, Bartels M, Willemsen G. Netherlands Twin Register: from twins to twin families. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2006 Dec;9(6):849-57. doi: 10.1375/183242706779462426. PMID: 17254420. Boomsma DI, Willemsen G, Vink JM, Bartels M, Groot P, Hottenga JJ, van Beijsterveldt CE, Stroet T, van Dijk R, Wertheim R, Visser M, van der Kleij F. Design and implementation of a twin-family database for behavior genetics and genomics studies. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2008 Jun;11(3):342-8. doi: 10.1375/twin.11.3.342. PMID: 18498212. van Beijsterveldt CE, Groen-Blokhuis M, Hottenga JJ, Franić S, Hudziak JJ, Lamb D, Huppertz C, de Zeeuw E, Nivard M, Schutte N, Swagerman S, Glasner T, van Fulpen M, Brouwer C, Stroet T, Nowotny D, Ehli EA, Davies GE, Scheet P, Orlebeke JF, Kan KJ, Smit D, Dolan CV, Middeldorp CM, de Geus EJ, Bartels M, Boomsma DI. The Young Netherlands Twin Register (YNTR): longitudinal twin and family studies in over 70,000 children. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2013 Feb;16(1):252-67. doi: 10.1017/thg.2012.118. Epub 2012 Nov 28. PMID: 23186620. Ligthart L, van Beijsterveldt CEM, Kevenaar ST, de Zeeuw E, van Bergen E, Bruins S, Pool R, Helmer Q, van Dongen J, Hottenga JJ, Van't Ent D, Dolan CV, Davies GE, Ehli EA, Bartels M, Willemsen G, de Geus EJC, Boomsma DI. The Netherlands Twin Register: Longitudinal Research Based on Twin and Twin-Family Designs. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2019 Dec;22(6):623-636. doi: 10.1017/thg.2019.93. Epub 2019 Oct 31. PMID: 31666148. Bartels M, van Beijsterveldt CE, Derks EM, Stroet TM, Polderman TJ, Hudziak JJ, Boomsma DI. Young Netherlands Twin Register (Y-NTR): a longitudinal multiple informant study of problem behavior. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2007 Feb;10(1):3-11. doi: 10.1375/twin.10.1.3.PMID: 17539360. Boomsma DI, Orlebeke JF, van Baal GC.Behav Genet. The Dutch Twin Register: growth data on weight and height. 1992 Mar;22(2):247-51. doi: 10.1007/BF01067004 Franić S, Dolan CV, van Beijsterveldt CE, Hulshoff Pol HE, Bartels M, Boomsma DI. Genetic and environmental stability of intelligence in childhood and adolescence. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2014 Jun;17(3):151-63. doi: 10.1017/thg.2014.
Additional info (URL)
Additional information
Contributors	YNTR administration Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Time method	Longitudinal
Universe	The recruitment into the NTR is fully inclusive without any restrictions on enrolment. In the CID data catalogue, only the NTR projects for children and adolescents (<18 years of age) have been included. This is refered to as the Young Netherlands Twin Register (YNTR).

Alternate title	YNTR
Description	The Young Netherlands Twin Register (YNTR) consists of projects within the Netherlands Twin Register (NTR) that involve families with twins or other multiples under the age of 18.
Purpose	The purpose of the projects within the Young Netherlands Twin Register focus on the role of heritability in mental and physical health. For instance, the NTR investigates why some people become more easily depressed than others, or why certain people get diabetes while others do not. Other research areas include lifestyle and habits that influence health and disease, such as smoking, drinking and exercise.
Publisher	Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Creators	Boomsma, Dorret I. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Language	NL
Cohort international identifier
Funding information	Dutch Research Council 480-15-001/674 Funder identifier https://ror.org/04jsz6e67 ROR Identifier type URI https://ror.org/ Funder award title Funder award URI Dutch Research Council 575-25-006 Funder identifier https://ror.org/04jsz6e67 ROR Identifier type URI https://ror.org/ Funder award title Funder award URI Dutch Research Council 480-04-004 Funder identifier https://ror.org/04jsz6e67 ROR Identifier type URI https://ror.org/ Funder award title Funder award URI Dutch Research Council 911-09-032 Funder identifier https://ror.org/04jsz6e67 ROR Identifier type URI https://ror.org/ Funder award title Funder award URI
Cohort reference papers
Classification
Contact information
Waves
Contributors	YNTR administration Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
References	Boomsma DI, de Geus EJ, Vink JM, Stubbe JH, Distel MA, Hottenga JJ, Posthuma D, van Beijsterveldt TC, Hudziak JJ, Bartels M, Willemsen G. Netherlands Twin Register: from twins to twin families. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2006 Dec;9(6):849-57. doi: 10.1375/183242706779462426. PMID: 17254420. Boomsma DI, Willemsen G, Vink JM, Bartels M, Groot P, Hottenga JJ, van Beijsterveldt CE, Stroet T, van Dijk R, Wertheim R, Visser M, van der Kleij F. Design and implementation of a twin-family database for behavior genetics and genomics studies. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2008 Jun;11(3):342-8. doi: 10.1375/twin.11.3.342. PMID: 18498212. van Beijsterveldt CE, Groen-Blokhuis M, Hottenga JJ, Franić S, Hudziak JJ, Lamb D, Huppertz C, de Zeeuw E, Nivard M, Schutte N, Swagerman S, Glasner T, van Fulpen M, Brouwer C, Stroet T, Nowotny D, Ehli EA, Davies GE, Scheet P, Orlebeke JF, Kan KJ, Smit D, Dolan CV, Middeldorp CM, de Geus EJ, Bartels M, Boomsma DI. The Young Netherlands Twin Register (YNTR): longitudinal twin and family studies in over 70,000 children. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2013 Feb;16(1):252-67. doi: 10.1017/thg.2012.118. Epub 2012 Nov 28. PMID: 23186620. Ligthart L, van Beijsterveldt CEM, Kevenaar ST, de Zeeuw E, van Bergen E, Bruins S, Pool R, Helmer Q, van Dongen J, Hottenga JJ, Van't Ent D, Dolan CV, Davies GE, Ehli EA, Bartels M, Willemsen G, de Geus EJC, Boomsma DI. The Netherlands Twin Register: Longitudinal Research Based on Twin and Twin-Family Designs. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2019 Dec;22(6):623-636. doi: 10.1017/thg.2019.93. Epub 2019 Oct 31. PMID: 31666148.
Country code	NL
Geographic location
Lowest geographic reference	postal code
Highest geographic reference	country
Cohort universe description	Families with twins or other multiples under the age of 18.
Analysis unit
Additional info (URL)
Additional information
Time method	Longitudinal.CohortEventBased

Measure was collected within the following wave(s):

YC_BS1 Wave

Wave alternate title	Brain Scale measurement 1 YC_BS1, Brain Scale measurement t0, BrainScale age 9
Short description of the wave	The YC_BS1 project was the first measurement in the Dutch longitudinal Brain Scale study in which twins, their siblings and their parents were assessed at three year intervals. YC_BS1 targeted 9-year old twins (mean age = 9.1 years, SD = 0.51 years) born between 1995 and 1996, and their 9-14 year old siblings (mean age = 11.9 years, SD = 1.16 years) born between 1990 and 1997. The main aim of the Brain Scale project was to explore to what extent genetic and environmental factors explain individual differences in brain development and cognition. Data collection included psychometric IQ tests, a comprehensive neuropsychological testing protocol, and parental and self-ratings of behavioral and emotional problems. Physical maturation was measured through assessment of Tanner stages. Hormonal levels (cortisol, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, and estrogens) were assessed in urine and saliva. Brain scans were acquired using 1.5 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which provided volumetric measures and measures of cortical thickness. Buccal swabs were collected for DNA isolation for future candidate gene and genome-wide analysis studies.
Type of StudyUnit
Publisher	Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Creators	Boomsma, Dorret I. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Funding information	051.02.060 Funder identifier ROR Identifier type URI https://ror.org/ Funder award title Funder award URI 051.02.061 Funder identifier ROR Identifier type URI https://ror.org/ Funder award title Funder award URI 56-464-14192 Funder identifier ROR Identifier type URI https://ror.org/ Funder award title Spinoza Prize Funder award URI
References	van Soelen IL, Brouwer RM, Peper JS, van Leeuwen M, Koenis MM, van Beijsterveldt TC, Swagerman SC, Kahn RS, Hulshoff Pol HE, Boomsma DI. Brain SCALE: brain structure and cognition: an adolescent longitudinal twin study into the genetic etiology of individual differences. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2012 Jun;15(3):453-67. doi: 10.1017/thg.2012.4. PMID: 22856378. van Leeuwen, M. (2008). A study of cognition in pre-adolescent twins. https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/a-study-of-cognition-in-pre-adolescent-twins. ISBN: 978 90 9023637 7. Peper, J. S. (2008). The early pubertal brain: work in progress: A study on genetic and hormonal influences. https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/the-early-pubertal-brain-work-in-progress-a-study-on-genetic-and-. ISBN: 978-90-393-4917-5.
(sub) cohort	NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register
Life stage
Coverage percentage of the measurement for this wave
Start date wave collection	2005-01-01
End date wave collection	2005-01-01
Wave universe description	9.0 years
Stage of measurement
Language	NL
Description of physical data product	Data collected through paper-and-pencil surveys have been scanned. All data digitally archived.
Additional info (URL)
Additional information
Contributors	van Leeuwen, Marieke Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Peper, Jiska Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam

YC_BS2 Wave

Wave alternate title	Brain Scale measurement 2 YC_BS2, Brain Scale measurement t1, BrainScale age 12
Short description of the wave	The YC_BS2 project was the second measurement in the Dutch longitudinal Brain Scale study in which twins, their siblings and their parents were assessed at three year intervals. YC_BS2 took place three years after the baseline (YC_BS1) and targeted 12-year old twins (mean age = 12.2 years, SD = 0.3 years) born between 1995 and 1996 and their 9-18 year old siblings (mean age = 14.8 years, SD = 1.3 years) born between 1990 and 1997. The main aim of the Brain Scale project was to explore to what extent genetic and environmental factors explain individual differences in brain development and cognition. Data collection included psychometric IQ tests, a comprehensive neuropsychological testing protocol, and parental and self-ratings of behavioral and emotional problems. Physical maturation was measured through assessment of Tanner stages. Hormonal levels (cortisol, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, and estrogens) were assessed in urine and saliva. Brain scans were acquired using 1.5 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which provided volumetric measures and measures of cortical thickness. Buccal swabs were collected for DNA isolation for future candidate gene and genome-wide analysis studies.
Type of StudyUnit
Publisher	Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Creators	Boomsma, Dorret I. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Funding information	56-464-14192 Funder identifier ROR Identifier type URI https://ror.org/ Funder award title Spinoza Prize Funder award URI
References	van Soelen IL, Brouwer RM, Peper JS, van Leeuwen M, Koenis MM, van Beijsterveldt TC, Swagerman SC, Kahn RS, Hulshoff Pol HE, Boomsma DI. Brain SCALE: brain structure and cognition: an adolescent longitudinal twin study into the genetic etiology of individual differences. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2012 Jun;15(3):453-67. doi: 10.1017/thg.2012.4. PMID: 22856378. van Soelen, I. L. C. (2011). Genetics of Structural Brain Development and Cognition in Childhood and Early Adolescence. https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/genetics-of-structural-brain-development-and-cognition-in-childho. ISBN: 978-90-6464-498-6.
(sub) cohort	NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register
Life stage
Coverage percentage of the measurement for this wave
Start date wave collection	2007-01-01
End date wave collection	2009-01-01
Wave universe description	12.0 years
Stage of measurement
Language	NL
Description of physical data product	Data collected through paper-and-pencil surveys have been scanned. All data digitally archived.
Additional info (URL)
Additional information
Contributors	van Soelen, Inge Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam

YC_BS3 Wave

Wave alternate title	Brain Scale measurement 3 YC_BS3, Brain Scale measurement t2, BrainScale age 17
Short description of the wave	The YC_BS3 project was the third measurement in the Dutch longitudinal Brain Scale study in which twins, their siblings and their parents were assessed at three year intervals. YC_BS3 took place eight years after the baseline (YC_BS1) and targeted 17-year old twins (mean age = 16.85 years, SD = 0.36 years) born between 1995 and 1996 and their 17-22 old siblings (mean age = 19.26 years, SD = 1.30 years) born between 1990 and 1997..... The main aim of the Brain Scale project was to explore to what extent genetic and environmental factors explain individual differences in brain development and cognition. Data collection included psychometric IQ tests, a comprehensive neuropsychological testing protocol, and parental and self-ratings of behavioral and emotional problems. Physical maturation was measured through assessment of Tanner stages. Hormonal levels were assessed in urine and saliva. Brain scans were acquired using 1.5 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which provided volumetric measures and measures of cortical thickness. Buccal swabs were collected for DNA isolation for future genetic association studies.
Type of StudyUnit
Publisher	Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Creators	Boomsma, Dorret I. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Funding information	433-09-220 Funder identifier ROR Identifier type URI https://ror.org/ Funder award title Funder award URI
References	van Soelen IL, Brouwer RM, Peper JS, van Leeuwen M, Koenis MM, van Beijsterveldt TC, Swagerman SC, Kahn RS, Hulshoff Pol HE, Boomsma DI. Brain SCALE: brain structure and cognition: an adolescent longitudinal twin study into the genetic etiology of individual differences. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2012 Jun;15(3):453-67. doi: 10.1017/thg.2012.4. PMID: 22856378. Swagerman, S. C. (2016). Cognitive performance across the lifespan and domains. Koenis, M. M. G. (2017). Adolescent brain development - A longitudinal twin study into structural brain development and its relation to hormone levels and intelligence. https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/adolescent-brain-development-a-longitudinal-study-into-structural. ISBN: 978-94-6299-623-6.
(sub) cohort	NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register
Life stage
Coverage percentage of the measurement for this wave
Start date wave collection	2012-01-01
End date wave collection	2014-01-01
Wave universe description	17.0 years
Stage of measurement
Language	NL
Description of physical data product	Data collected through paper-and-pencil surveys have been scanned. All data digitally archived.
Additional info (URL)
Additional information
Contributors	Swagerman, Suzanne Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Koenis, Marinka Utrecht University

YE_ATTEF2 Wave

Wave alternate title	Genetics of attention and executive functioning measurement 2 YE_ATTEF2
Short description of the wave	The YE_ATTEF2 project was the second measurement of a longitudinal study on the source of individual differences of cognition, attention, and executive functioning from preschool to young adulthood. This project included the measurement five years after baseline (YE_ATTEF1) among 12-year old twin pairs (mean age = 12.4 years, SD = 0.14 years) and their 8-16 year old siblings (mean age = 11.97 years, SD = 2.55 years), and additionally recruited new twin pairs and siblings of the twin pairs. Behavioral data were collected with surveys filled in by parents and teachers (Conners, Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD symptoms and Normal behavior Scale (SWAN), Teacher Report Form (TRF)) or filled in by children themselves (Youth Self Report (YSR)). To measure pubertal development, children filled in the Tanner questionnaire. Neurocognitive abilities were assessed with computerized ANT tasks, Flanker, Simon and Stroop. IQ was assessed with WISC-R. DNA was collected to determine zygosity and for genotyping SNP’S at candidate gene loci. Saliva was collected to assess cortisol concentrations.
Type of StudyUnit
Publisher	Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Creators	Boomsma, Dorret I. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Funding information	904-57-94 Funder identifier ROR Identifier type URI https://ror.org/ Funder award title Funder award URI
References	Polderman, T. J. C. (2007). Genetics of Attention and Executive Functioning. https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/genetics-of-attention-and-executive-functioning. ISBN: 9789086590964.
(sub) cohort	NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register
Life stage
Coverage percentage of the measurement for this wave
Start date wave collection	2002-01-01
End date wave collection	2004-01-01
Wave universe description	12.0 years
Stage of measurement
Language	NL
Description of physical data product	Data collected through paper-and-pencil surveys have been scanned. All data digitally archived.
Additional info (URL)
Additional information
Contributors	Polderman, Tinca Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam

YE_COG12 Wave

Wave alternate title	Cognitive abilities of 12-year-old twins YE_COG12
Short description of the wave	The YE_COG12 project was the fourth measurement of a longitudinal study on the development of intelligence and problem behavior (waves one and two not included in this catalogue, wave 3: YE_COG10), and targeted 12-year old twins (mean age = 12 years, SD = 0.08 years) born between 1986 and 1988. Intelligence was measured by the Dutch version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R). Cortisol and testosterone levels were measured in saliva, which was collected on two consecutive days. Pubertal development was measured with the Tanner self-report scales. Behavioral data was collected with the Youth Self-Report (YSR).
Type of StudyUnit
Publisher	Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Creators	Boomsma, Dorret I. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Funding information	575-25-012 Funder identifier ROR Identifier type URI https://ror.org/ Funder award title Funder award URI R 56-467 Funder identifier Identifier type URI https://ror.org/ Funder award title Funder award URI
References	Bartels, M. (2003). Behavior problems, cognition, and hormones: A longitudinal-genetic study in childhood. VU. https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/behavior-problems-cognition-and-hormones-a-longitudinal-genetic-s. ISBN: 9090164901, 9789090164908.
(sub) cohort	NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register
Life stage
Coverage percentage of the measurement for this wave
Start date wave collection	1998-01-01
End date wave collection	2000-01-01
Wave universe description	12.0 years
Stage of measurement
Language	NL
Description of physical data product	Data collected through paper-and-pencil surveys have been scanned. All data digitally archived.
Additional info (URL)
Additional information
Contributors	Bartels, Meike Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam

YE_COG18 Wave

Wave alternate title	Cognitive abilities of 18-year-old twins YE_COG18
Short description of the wave	The YE_COG18 project is the fifth measurement of a longitudinal study into the development of intelligence and problem behaviour (waves one and two not included in this catalogue, wave 3: YE_COG10, wave 4: YE_COG12), to which additional participants were recruited (twins with siblings and their parents). It targeted 18-year old twins (mean age = 18.1 years, SD = 0.5 years) born between 1986 and 1991, their 8-35 year old siblings (mean age = 18.8 years, SD = 4.9 years) born between 1970 and 1998, and their parents (mean age = 48.9 years, SD = 4.14 years) born between 1942 and 1965. The test protocol consisted of a physical part and a psychological part. Physical measurements included cardiovascular functioning (assessed with the VU-AMS device), a physical examination with basic anthropometric measurements and the collection of saliva, DNA and fingerprints. The psychological part consisted of a series of cognitive tests that measured the following abilities: intelligence (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, WISC-R or Revised Amsterdamse Kinder Intelligentie Test, RAKIT); inhibition (Stroop); spontaneous production of words (Verbal fluency); verbal learning and memory (California Verbal Learning Task, CVLT); emotion recognition (Reading the mind in the eyes); perceptual speed (Π inspection time task); spatial short term memory (n-back task and Corsi block tapping task). Furthermore, some questionnaires were administered to the participants (Autism-Spectrum Quotient, Tanner self-report), mothers of the twins (Social Responsiveness Scale) and research assistants (Test Observation form).
Type of StudyUnit
Publisher	Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Creators	Boomsma, Dorret I. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Funding information	56-464-14192 Funder identifier ROR Identifier type URI https://ror.org/ Funder award title Spinoza Prize Funder award URI
References	Hoekstra, R. A. (2007). Autistic traits, withdrawn behaviour and cognition: a longitudinal twin study from early childhood to young adulthood. https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/autistic-traits-withdrawn-behaviour-and-cognition-a-longitudinal-. Estourgie-van Burk, G. F. (2011). Variation in growth and the influence of early growth in later life: a twin-sibling study. https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/variation-in-growth-and-the-influence-of-early-growth-in-later-li. ISBN: 9789086595532.
(sub) cohort	NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register
Life stage
Coverage percentage of the measurement for this wave
Start date wave collection	2004-01-01
End date wave collection	2006-01-01
Wave universe description	18.0 years
Stage of measurement
Language	NL
Description of physical data product	Data collected through paper-and-pencil surveys have been scanned. All data digitally archived.
Additional info (URL)
Additional information
Contributors	Hoekstra, Rosa A. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Estourgie-van Burk, Frederiek Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam

You can also access this dataset using the API (see API Docs).

author	None
author_email	None
creator_user_id	34768773-4537-4d74-8d9d-11e2b32cbbaf
dc_additional_info	In NTR, salivary testosterone (YC_BS1, YC_BS2, YC_BS3, YE_ATTEF2, YE_COG12, YE_COG18), salivary cortisol levels (YC_BS1, YC_BS2, YE_ATTEF2, YE_COG12, YE_COG18) and urinary estradiol levels (YC_BS1, YC_BS2, YC_BS3) were measured. Specifically, in NTR projects YC_BS1, YC_BS2, and YC_BS3, salivary testosterone levels were determined with an immunometric (lumininescention) assay (ILB, Hamburg). In NTR projects YC_BS1 and YC_BS2, salivary cortisol was determined by time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (Department of Psychology, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany). In NTR project YE_COG12, salivary cortisol was determined by time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (see: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025321609994), and salivary testosterone was measured after diethylether extraction using an in-house competitive radioimmunoassay employing a polyclonal antitestosterone-antibody (Dr.Pratt AZG 3290; see: https://doi.org/10.1375/twin.9.4.558). Total urinary estradiol levels (projects YC_BS1, YC_BS2, and YC_BS3) were determined using a competitive (luminiscention) immunoassay (Architect, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois, USA).
dc_analysis_unit	{Individual}
dc_cohort	NTR
dc_common_id	0117_CD2
id	44222f28-a498-4f93-bf4c-c8d1087c5796
isopen	False
license_title	None
maintainer	None
maintainer_email	None
metadata_created	2024-10-17T12:41:44.736924
metadata_modified	2024-10-20T12:53:27.787673
name	ad8a09dd472665f9107aa7fa75b82014
notes	Steroid hormones, for instance Testosterone, Estrogen, Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and Cortisol, measured with traditional enzymatic tests, such as Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA).
num_resources	0
num_tags	0
organization	{'id': '45b26247-5cc8-4bf1-a214-3efb773faa3a', 'name': 'ntr', 'title': 'Netherlands Twin Register', 'type': 'organization', 'description': 'The Netherlands Twin Register (NTR) consists of individuals who have agreed to participate in twin-family studies and was established and is managed by the Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam (see: https://tweelingenregister.vu.nl/). The NTR was established in 1987 and has enrolled around 120.000 twins and a roughly equal number of their relatives. The majority of twin families have participated one or more times in survey studies on a host of epidemiological variables including social demography, personality, lifestyle, somatic and mental health, and subsamples took part in biomaterial collection (e.g. DNA) and dedicated projects for e.g. neuropsychological, biomarker, and behavioral traits. The recruitment into the NTR is fully inclusive without any restrictions on enrolment. The NTR is committed to actively seek the commitment of its participants to science and their continued involvement in NTR research by maintaining a website, electronic newsletters, and the MijnNTR portal that provides personalized feedback to participants. The NTR resources, e.g. the longitudinal phenotyping, the extended pedigree structures, and the multi-generation genotyping allow for future twin-family research that will contribute to gene discovery, causality modelling, and studies of genetic and cultural inheritance of behavioral traits and mental and physical health. In the CID data catalogue, only the NTR projects for children and adolescents (<18 years of age) have been included. This is refered to as the Young Netherlands Twin Register (YNTR).', 'image_url': 'https://data.individualdevelopment.nl/img/logo_ntr.png', 'created': '2024-10-17T13:43:56.356410', 'is_organization': True, 'approval_status': 'approved', 'state': 'active'}
owner_org	45b26247-5cc8-4bf1-a214-3efb773faa3a
private	False
state	active
title	Steroid hormones
type	measure
cohort	[{'cohort_alternate_title': 'YNTR', 'cohort_description': 'The Young Netherlands Twin Register (YNTR) consists of projects within the Netherlands Twin Register (NTR) that involve families with twins or other multiples under the age of 18.', 'cohort_language': 'NL', 'cohort_purpose': 'The purpose of the projects within the Young Netherlands Twin Register focus on the role of heritability in mental and physical health. For instance, the NTR investigates why some people become more easily depressed than others, or why certain people get diabetes while others do not. Other research areas include lifestyle and habits that influence health and disease, such as smoking, drinking and exercise.', 'cohort_spatial_country_code': 'NL', 'cohort_spatial_highest_reference': 'country', 'cohort_spatial_lowest_reference': 'postal code', 'cohort_time_method': 'Longitudinal.CohortEventBased', 'cohort_title': 'NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register', 'cohort_universe': 'Families with twins or other multiples under the age of 18.', 'cohort_contributor': [{'cohort_contributor': 'YNTR administration', 'cohort_contributor_affiliation': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam', 'cohort_contributor_affiliation_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'cohort_contributor_affiliation_identifier_scheme': 'ROR', 'cohort_contributor_affiliation_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://ror.org/'}], 'cohort_creator': [{'cohort_creator_affiliation': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam', 'cohort_creator_affiliation_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'cohort_creator_affiliation_identifier_scheme': 'ROR', 'cohort_creator_affiliation_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'cohort_creator_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://orcid.org/', 'cohort_creator_identifier_type': 'ORCID', 'cohort_creator_name': 'Boomsma, Dorret I.', 'cohort_creator_pid': '0000-0002-7099-7972'}], 'cohort_funding': [{'cohort_funder': 'Dutch Research Council', 'cohort_funder_identifier': 'https://ror.org/04jsz6e67', 'cohort_funder_identifier_schemuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'cohort_funder_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'cohort_grant_number': '480-15-001/674'}, {'cohort_funder': 'Dutch Research Council', 'cohort_funder_identifier': 'https://ror.org/04jsz6e67', 'cohort_funder_identifier_schemuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'cohort_funder_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'cohort_grant_number': '575-25-006'}, {'cohort_funder': 'Dutch Research Council', 'cohort_funder_identifier': 'https://ror.org/04jsz6e67', 'cohort_funder_identifier_schemuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'cohort_funder_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'cohort_grant_number': '480-04-004'}, {'cohort_funder': 'Dutch Research Council', 'cohort_funder_identifier': 'https://ror.org/04jsz6e67', 'cohort_funder_identifier_schemuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'cohort_funder_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'cohort_grant_number': '911-09-032'}], 'cohort_publisher': [{'cohort_publisher_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'cohort_publisher_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'cohort_publisher_name': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam'}], 'cohort_references': [{'cohort_reference_citation': 'Boomsma DI, de Geus EJ, Vink JM, Stubbe JH, Distel MA, Hottenga JJ, Posthuma D, van Beijsterveldt TC, Hudziak JJ, Bartels M, Willemsen G. Netherlands Twin Register: from twins to twin families. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2006 Dec;9(6):849-57. doi: 10.1375/183242706779462426. PMID: 17254420.', 'cohort_reference_identifier': 'https://doi.org/10.1375/183242706779462426', 'cohort_reference_identifier_type': 'DOI', 'cohort_reference_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}, {'cohort_reference_citation': 'Boomsma DI, Willemsen G, Vink JM, Bartels M, Groot P, Hottenga JJ, van Beijsterveldt CE, Stroet T, van Dijk R, Wertheim R, Visser M, van der Kleij F. Design and implementation of a twin-family database for behavior genetics and genomics studies. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2008 Jun;11(3):342-8. doi: 10.1375/twin.11.3.342. PMID: 18498212.', 'cohort_reference_identifier': 'https://doi.org/10.1375/twin.11.3.342', 'cohort_reference_identifier_type': 'DOI', 'cohort_reference_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}, {'cohort_reference_citation': 'van Beijsterveldt CE, Groen-Blokhuis M, Hottenga JJ, Franić S, Hudziak JJ, Lamb D, Huppertz C, de Zeeuw E, Nivard M, Schutte N, Swagerman S, Glasner T, van Fulpen M, Brouwer C, Stroet T, Nowotny D, Ehli EA, Davies GE, Scheet P, Orlebeke JF, Kan KJ, Smit D, Dolan CV, Middeldorp CM, de Geus EJ, Bartels M, Boomsma DI. The Young Netherlands Twin Register (YNTR): longitudinal twin and family studies in over 70,000 children. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2013 Feb;16(1):252-67. doi: 10.1017/thg.2012.118. Epub 2012 Nov 28. PMID: 23186620.', 'cohort_reference_identifier': 'https://doi.org/10.1017/thg.2012.118', 'cohort_reference_identifier_type': 'DOI', 'cohort_reference_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}, {'cohort_reference_citation': "Ligthart L, van Beijsterveldt CEM, Kevenaar ST, de Zeeuw E, van Bergen E, Bruins S, Pool R, Helmer Q, van Dongen J, Hottenga JJ, Van't Ent D, Dolan CV, Davies GE, Ehli EA, Bartels M, Willemsen G, de Geus EJC, Boomsma DI. The Netherlands Twin Register: Longitudinal Research Based on Twin and Twin-Family Designs. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2019 Dec;22(6):623-636. doi: 10.1017/thg.2019.93. Epub 2019 Oct 31. PMID: 31666148.", 'cohort_reference_identifier': 'https://doi.org/10.1017/thg.2019.93', 'cohort_reference_identifier_type': 'DOI', 'cohort_reference_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}]}]
dc_DOI	[{'dc_identifier_type': 'DOI', 'dc_pid': '10.60641/hyks-dg93'}]
dc_constructs	[{'dc_construct': 'physiology'}]
dc_labels	[{'dc_label': 'stress'}, {'dc_label': 'biomarker'}, {'dc_label': 'cortisol'}, {'dc_label': 'hormone'}, {'dc_label': 'saliva sample'}, {'dc_label': 'biological sample'}, {'dc_label': 'omics'}, {'dc_label': 'steroid hormone'}, {'dc_label': 'hpa axis'}, {'dc_label': 'oxidative stress'}, {'dc_label': 'urine'}]
dc_measurement_references	[{'dc_measurements_references_citation': 'Bartels, M., de Geus, E. J. C., Kirschbaum, C., Sluyter, F., & Boomsma, D. I. (2003). Behavior Genetics, 33(4), 421–433. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1025321609994\n', 'dc_measurements_references_doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025321609994'}, {'dc_measurements_references_citation': 'Hoekstra, R. A., Bartels, M., & Boomsma, D. I. (2006). Heritability of Testosterone Levels in 12-Year-Old Twins and Its Relation to Pubertal Development. Twin Research and Human Genetics, 9(4), 558–565. https://doi.org/10.1375/twin.9.4.558\n', 'dc_measurements_references_doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1375/twin.9.4.558'}]
dc_modes_of_collection	[{'dc_mode_of_collection': 'MeasurementsAndTests'}]
dc_modes_of_collection_sub	[{'dc_mode_of_collection_sub': 'Biological sample/measurement'}]
measure_age_range	[{'measure_age_month': 108}, {'measure_age_month': 144}, {'measure_age_month': 204}, {'measure_age_month': 216}]
study	[{'study_alternate_title': 'NTR', 'study_language': 'NL', 'study_purpose': 'The research carried out by the Netherlands Twin Register focuses on the role of heritability in mental and physical health. For instance, the NTR investigates why some people become more easily depressed than others, or why certain people get diabetes while others do not. Other research areas include lifestyle and habits that influence health and disease, such as smoking, drinking and exercise.', 'study_time_method': 'Longitudinal', 'study_universe': 'The recruitment into the NTR is fully inclusive without any restrictions on enrolment. In the CID data catalogue, only the NTR projects for children and adolescents (<18 years of age) have been included. This is refered to as the Young Netherlands Twin Register (YNTR). ', 'title': 'Netherlands Twin Register', 'study_contact': [{'study_contact_affiliation': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam', 'study_contact_mail': 'ntr.datamanagement.fgb@vu.nl', 'study_contact_name': 'NTR Data Management'}], 'study_contributor': [{'study_contributor_affiliation': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam', 'study_contributor_affiliation_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'study_contributor_affiliation_identifier_scheme': 'ROR', 'study_contributor_affiliation_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'study_contributor_name': 'YNTR administration'}], 'study_data_access': [{'study_data_access_URL': 'https://ntr-data-request.psy.vu.nl/', 'study_data_access_description': 'Researchers with an approved data sharing request who abide by the rules of the European General Data Protection Regulation can receive temporary access to the NTR data for their own research projects.'}], 'study_funding': [{'study_funder': 'Dutch Research Council', 'study_funder_identifier': 'https://ror.org/04jsz6e67', 'study_funder_identifier_schemuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'study_funder_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'study_grant_number': '480-15-001/674'}, {'study_funder': 'Dutch Research Council', 'study_funder_identifier': 'https://ror.org/04jsz6e67', 'study_funder_identifier_schemuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'study_funder_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'study_grant_number': '575-25-006'}, {'study_funder': 'Dutch Research Council', 'study_funder_identifier': 'https://ror.org/04jsz6e67', 'study_funder_identifier_schemuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'study_funder_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'study_grant_number': '480-04-004'}, {'study_funder': 'Dutch Research Council', 'study_funder_identifier': 'https://ror.org/04jsz6e67', 'study_funder_identifier_schemuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'study_funder_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'study_grant_number': '911-09-032'}], 'study_principal_investigators': [{'study_pi_affiliation': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam', 'study_pi_affiliation_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'study_pi_affiliation_identifier_scheme': 'ROR', 'study_pi_affiliation_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'study_pi_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://orcid.org/', 'study_pi_identifier_type': 'ORCID', 'study_pi_name': 'Boomsma, Dorret I.', 'study_pi_pid': '0000-0002-7099-7972'}], 'study_publisher': [{'study_publisher_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'study_publisher_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'study_publisher_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'study_publisher_name': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam'}], 'study_references': [{'study_reference_citation': 'Boomsma DI, de Geus EJ, Vink JM, Stubbe JH, Distel MA, Hottenga JJ, Posthuma D, van Beijsterveldt TC, Hudziak JJ, Bartels M, Willemsen G. Netherlands Twin Register: from twins to twin families. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2006 Dec;9(6):849-57. doi: 10.1375/183242706779462426. PMID: 17254420.', 'study_reference_identifier': 'https://doi.org/10.1375/183242706779462426', 'study_reference_identifier_type': 'DOI', 'study_reference_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}, {'study_reference_citation': 'Boomsma DI, Willemsen G, Vink JM, Bartels M, Groot P, Hottenga JJ, van Beijsterveldt CE, Stroet T, van Dijk R, Wertheim R, Visser M, van der Kleij F. Design and implementation of a twin-family database for behavior genetics and genomics studies. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2008 Jun;11(3):342-8. doi: 10.1375/twin.11.3.342. PMID: 18498212.', 'study_reference_identifier': 'https://doi.org/10.1375/twin.11.3.342', 'study_reference_identifier_type': 'DOI', 'study_reference_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}, {'study_reference_citation': 'van Beijsterveldt CE, Groen-Blokhuis M, Hottenga JJ, Franić S, Hudziak JJ, Lamb D, Huppertz C, de Zeeuw E, Nivard M, Schutte N, Swagerman S, Glasner T, van Fulpen M, Brouwer C, Stroet T, Nowotny D, Ehli EA, Davies GE, Scheet P, Orlebeke JF, Kan KJ, Smit D, Dolan CV, Middeldorp CM, de Geus EJ, Bartels M, Boomsma DI. The Young Netherlands Twin Register (YNTR): longitudinal twin and family studies in over 70,000 children. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2013 Feb;16(1):252-67. doi: 10.1017/thg.2012.118. Epub 2012 Nov 28. PMID: 23186620.', 'study_reference_identifier': 'https://doi.org/10.1017/thg.2012.118', 'study_reference_identifier_type': 'DOI', 'study_reference_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}, {'study_reference_citation': "Ligthart L, van Beijsterveldt CEM, Kevenaar ST, de Zeeuw E, van Bergen E, Bruins S, Pool R, Helmer Q, van Dongen J, Hottenga JJ, Van't Ent D, Dolan CV, Davies GE, Ehli EA, Bartels M, Willemsen G, de Geus EJC, Boomsma DI. The Netherlands Twin Register: Longitudinal Research Based on Twin and Twin-Family Designs. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2019 Dec;22(6):623-636. doi: 10.1017/thg.2019.93. Epub 2019 Oct 31. PMID: 31666148.", 'study_reference_identifier': 'https://doi.org/10.1017/thg.2019.93', 'study_reference_identifier_type': 'DOI', 'study_reference_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}, {'study_reference_citation': 'Bartels M, van Beijsterveldt CE, Derks EM, Stroet TM, Polderman TJ, Hudziak JJ, Boomsma DI. Young Netherlands Twin Register (Y-NTR): a longitudinal multiple informant study of problem behavior. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2007 Feb;10(1):3-11. doi: 10.1375/twin.10.1.3.PMID: 17539360.', 'study_reference_identifier': 'https://doi.org/10.1375/twin.10.1.3', 'study_reference_identifier_type': 'DOI', 'study_reference_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}, {'study_reference_citation': 'Boomsma DI, Orlebeke JF, van Baal GC.Behav Genet. The Dutch Twin Register: growth data on weight and height. 1992 Mar;22(2):247-51. doi: 10.1007/BF01067004', 'study_reference_identifier': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01067004', 'study_reference_identifier_type': 'DOI', 'study_reference_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}, {'study_reference_citation': 'Franić S, Dolan CV, van Beijsterveldt CE, Hulshoff Pol HE, Bartels M, Boomsma DI. Genetic and environmental stability of intelligence in childhood and adolescence. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2014 Jun;17(3):151-63. doi: 10.1017/thg.2014.', 'study_reference_identifier': 'https://doi.org/10.1017/thg.2014', 'study_reference_identifier_type': 'DOI', 'study_reference_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}]}]
wave	[{'wave_alternate_title': ['Brain Scale measurement 1 [YC_BS1]', 'Brain Scale measurement t0', 'BrainScale age 9'], 'wave_cohort': 'NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register', 'wave_cohort_ckan_id': '6f88a94b0bf79a8304ba604c655c08a9', 'wave_description': 'The YC_BS1 project was the first measurement in the Dutch longitudinal Brain Scale study in which twins, their siblings and their parents were assessed at three year intervals. YC_BS1 targeted 9-year old twins (mean age = 9.1 years, SD = 0.51 years) born between 1995 and 1996, and their 9-14 year old siblings (mean age = 11.9 years, SD = 1.16 years) born between 1990 and 1997. The main aim of the Brain Scale project was to explore to what extent genetic and environmental factors explain individual differences in brain development and cognition. Data collection included psychometric IQ tests, a comprehensive neuropsychological testing protocol, and parental and self-ratings of behavioral and emotional problems. Physical maturation was measured through assessment of Tanner stages. Hormonal levels (cortisol, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, and estrogens) were assessed in urine and saliva. Brain scans were acquired using 1.5 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which provided volumetric measures and measures of cortical thickness. Buccal swabs were collected for DNA isolation for future candidate gene and genome-wide analysis studies.', 'wave_end_date_collection': '2005-01-01', 'wave_language': 'NL', 'wave_physical_data_product_description': 'Data collected through paper-and-pencil surveys have been scanned. All data digitally archived. ', 'wave_start_date_collection': '2005-01-01', 'wave_title': 'YC_BS1', 'wave_universe': '108', 'wave_contributor': [{'wave_contributor_affiliation': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier_scheme': 'ROR', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_contributor_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://orcid.org/', 'wave_contributor_identifier_type': 'ORCID', 'wave_contributor_name': 'van Leeuwen, Marieke', 'wave_contributor_pid': '0000-0003-1976-5831'}, {'wave_contributor_affiliation': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier_scheme': 'ROR', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_contributor_name': 'Peper, Jiska'}], 'wave_creator': [{'wave_creator_affiliation': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam', 'wave_creator_affiliation_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'wave_creator_affiliation_identifier_scheme': 'ROR', 'wave_creator_affiliation_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_creator_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://orcid.org/', 'wave_creator_name': 'Boomsma, Dorret I.', 'wave_creator_pid': '0000-0002-7099-7972'}], 'wave_funding': [{'wave_funder_award_title': '', 'wave_funder_identifier_schemuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_funder_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'wave_grant_number': '051.02.060'}, {'wave_funder_award_title': '', 'wave_funder_identifier_schemuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_funder_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'wave_grant_number': '051.02.061'}, {'wave_funder_award_title': 'Spinoza Prize', 'wave_funder_identifier_schemuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_funder_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'wave_grant_number': '56-464-14192'}], 'wave_publisher': [{'wave_publisher_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'wave_publisher_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'wave_publisher_name': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam'}], 'wave_references': [{'wave_references_citation': 'van Soelen IL, Brouwer RM, Peper JS, van Leeuwen M, Koenis MM, van Beijsterveldt TC, Swagerman SC, Kahn RS, Hulshoff Pol HE, Boomsma DI. Brain SCALE: brain structure and cognition: an adolescent longitudinal twin study into the genetic etiology of individual differences. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2012 Jun;15(3):453-67. doi: 10.1017/thg.2012.4. PMID: 22856378.', 'wave_references_identifier': 'https://doi.org/10.1017/thg.2012.4', 'wave_references_identifier_type': 'DOI', 'wave_references_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}, {'wave_references_citation': 'van Leeuwen, M. (2008). A study of cognition in pre-adolescent twins. https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/a-study-of-cognition-in-pre-adolescent-twins. ISBN: 978 90 9023637 7.', 'wave_references_identifier': 'https://hdl.handle.net/1871/13072', 'wave_references_identifier_type': 'Handle', 'wave_references_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}, {'wave_references_citation': 'Peper, J. S. (2008). The early pubertal brain: work in progress: A study on genetic and hormonal influences. https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/the-early-pubertal-brain-work-in-progress-a-study-on-genetic-and-. ISBN: 978-90-393-4917-5.', 'wave_references_identifier': 'https://hdl.handle.net/1871.1/f6c21ff1-e62d-42b3-9baf-137c698b9e71', 'wave_references_identifier_type': 'Handle', 'wave_references_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}], 'wave_subject_codes': [{'wave_subject_code': 'C', 'wave_subject_code_translated': 'Child'}, {'wave_subject_code': 'S', 'wave_subject_code_translated': 'Sibling (not part of multiple)'}]}, {'wave_alternate_title': ['Brain Scale measurement 2 [YC_BS2]', 'Brain Scale measurement t1', 'BrainScale age 12'], 'wave_cohort': 'NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register', 'wave_cohort_ckan_id': '6f88a94b0bf79a8304ba604c655c08a9', 'wave_description': 'The YC_BS2 project was the second measurement in the Dutch longitudinal Brain Scale study in which twins, their siblings and their parents were assessed at three year intervals. YC_BS2 took place three years after the baseline (YC_BS1) and targeted 12-year old twins (mean age = 12.2 years, SD = 0.3 years) born between 1995 and 1996 and their 9-18 year old siblings (mean age = 14.8 years, SD = 1.3 years) born between 1990 and 1997. The main aim of the Brain Scale project was to explore to what extent genetic and environmental factors explain individual differences in brain development and cognition. Data collection included psychometric IQ tests, a comprehensive neuropsychological testing protocol, and parental and self-ratings of behavioral and emotional problems. Physical maturation was measured through assessment of Tanner stages. Hormonal levels (cortisol, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, and estrogens) were assessed in urine and saliva. Brain scans were acquired using 1.5 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which provided volumetric measures and measures of cortical thickness. Buccal swabs were collected for DNA isolation for future candidate gene and genome-wide analysis studies.', 'wave_end_date_collection': '2009-01-01', 'wave_language': 'NL', 'wave_physical_data_product_description': 'Data collected through paper-and-pencil surveys have been scanned. All data digitally archived. ', 'wave_start_date_collection': '2007-01-01', 'wave_title': 'YC_BS2', 'wave_universe': '144', 'wave_contributor': [{'wave_contributor_affiliation': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier_scheme': 'ROR', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_contributor_name': 'van Soelen, Inge'}], 'wave_creator': [{'wave_creator_affiliation': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam', 'wave_creator_affiliation_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'wave_creator_affiliation_identifier_scheme': 'ROR', 'wave_creator_affiliation_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_creator_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://orcid.org/', 'wave_creator_name': 'Boomsma, Dorret I.', 'wave_creator_pid': '0000-0002-7099-7972'}], 'wave_funding': [{'wave_funder_award_title': 'Spinoza Prize', 'wave_funder_identifier_schemuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_funder_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'wave_grant_number': '56-464-14192'}], 'wave_publisher': [{'wave_publisher_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'wave_publisher_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'wave_publisher_name': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam'}], 'wave_references': [{'wave_references_citation': 'van Soelen IL, Brouwer RM, Peper JS, van Leeuwen M, Koenis MM, van Beijsterveldt TC, Swagerman SC, Kahn RS, Hulshoff Pol HE, Boomsma DI. Brain SCALE: brain structure and cognition: an adolescent longitudinal twin study into the genetic etiology of individual differences. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2012 Jun;15(3):453-67. doi: 10.1017/thg.2012.4. PMID: 22856378.', 'wave_references_identifier': 'https://doi.org/10.1017/thg.2012.4', 'wave_references_identifier_type': 'DOI', 'wave_references_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}, {'wave_references_citation': 'van Soelen, I. L. C. (2011). Genetics of Structural Brain Development and Cognition in Childhood and Early Adolescence. https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/genetics-of-structural-brain-development-and-cognition-in-childho. ISBN: 978-90-6464-498-6.', 'wave_references_identifier': 'https://hdl.handle.net/1871/23946', 'wave_references_identifier_type': 'Handle', 'wave_references_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}], 'wave_subject_codes': [{'wave_subject_code': 'C', 'wave_subject_code_translated': 'Child'}, {'wave_subject_code': 'S', 'wave_subject_code_translated': 'Sibling (not part of multiple)'}]}, {'wave_alternate_title': ['Brain Scale measurement 3 [YC_BS3]', 'Brain Scale measurement t2', 'BrainScale age 17'], 'wave_cohort': 'NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register', 'wave_cohort_ckan_id': '6f88a94b0bf79a8304ba604c655c08a9', 'wave_description': 'The YC_BS3 project was the third measurement in the Dutch longitudinal Brain Scale study in which twins, their siblings and their parents were assessed at three year intervals. YC_BS3 took place eight years after the baseline (YC_BS1) and targeted 17-year old twins (mean age = 16.85 years, SD = 0.36 years) born between 1995 and 1996 and their 17-22 old siblings (mean age = 19.26 years, SD = 1.30 years) born between 1990 and 1997..... The main aim of the Brain Scale project was to explore to what extent genetic and environmental factors explain individual differences in brain development and cognition. Data collection included psychometric IQ tests, a comprehensive neuropsychological testing protocol, and parental and self-ratings of behavioral and emotional problems. Physical maturation was measured through assessment of Tanner stages. Hormonal levels were assessed in urine and saliva. Brain scans were acquired using 1.5 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which provided volumetric measures and measures of cortical thickness. Buccal swabs were collected for DNA isolation for future genetic association studies.', 'wave_end_date_collection': '2014-01-01', 'wave_language': 'NL', 'wave_physical_data_product_description': 'Data collected through paper-and-pencil surveys have been scanned. All data digitally archived. ', 'wave_start_date_collection': '2012-01-01', 'wave_title': 'YC_BS3', 'wave_universe': '204', 'wave_contributor': [{'wave_contributor_affiliation': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier_scheme': 'ROR', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_contributor_identifier_schemeuri': '', 'wave_contributor_identifier_type': '', 'wave_contributor_name': 'Swagerman, Suzanne', 'wave_contributor_pid': ''}, {'wave_contributor_affiliation': 'Utrecht University', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier': 'https://ror.org/04pp8hn57', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier_scheme': 'ROR', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_contributor_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://orcid.org/', 'wave_contributor_identifier_type': 'ORCID', 'wave_contributor_name': 'Koenis, Marinka', 'wave_contributor_pid': '0000-0002-3859-3847'}], 'wave_creator': [{'wave_creator_affiliation': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam', 'wave_creator_affiliation_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'wave_creator_affiliation_identifier_scheme': 'ROR', 'wave_creator_affiliation_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_creator_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://orcid.org/', 'wave_creator_name': 'Boomsma, Dorret I.', 'wave_creator_pid': '0000-0002-7099-7972'}], 'wave_funding': [{'wave_funder_identifier_schemuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_funder_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'wave_grant_number': '433-09-220'}], 'wave_publisher': [{'wave_publisher_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'wave_publisher_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'wave_publisher_name': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam'}], 'wave_references': [{'wave_references_citation': 'van Soelen IL, Brouwer RM, Peper JS, van Leeuwen M, Koenis MM, van Beijsterveldt TC, Swagerman SC, Kahn RS, Hulshoff Pol HE, Boomsma DI. Brain SCALE: brain structure and cognition: an adolescent longitudinal twin study into the genetic etiology of individual differences. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2012 Jun;15(3):453-67. doi: 10.1017/thg.2012.4. PMID: 22856378.', 'wave_references_identifier': 'https://doi.org/10.1017/thg.2012.4', 'wave_references_identifier_type': 'DOI', 'wave_references_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}, {'wave_references_citation': 'Swagerman, S. C. (2016). Cognitive performance across the lifespan and domains.', 'wave_references_identifier': 'https://hdl.handle.net/1871/54246', 'wave_references_identifier_type': 'Handle', 'wave_references_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}, {'wave_references_citation': 'Koenis, M. M. G. (2017). Adolescent brain development - A longitudinal twin study into structural brain development and its relation to hormone levels and intelligence. https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/adolescent-brain-development-a-longitudinal-study-into-structural. ISBN: 978-94-6299-623-6.', 'wave_references_identifier': 'https://hdl.handle.net/1871.1/4369a1fc-358f-48f4-ba45-2b981d657afc', 'wave_references_identifier_type': 'Handle', 'wave_references_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}], 'wave_subject_codes': [{'wave_subject_code': 'C', 'wave_subject_code_translated': 'Child'}, {'wave_subject_code': 'S', 'wave_subject_code_translated': 'Sibling (not part of multiple)'}]}, {'wave_alternate_title': 'Genetics of attention and executive functioning measurement 2 [YE_ATTEF2]', 'wave_cohort': 'NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register', 'wave_cohort_ckan_id': '6f88a94b0bf79a8304ba604c655c08a9', 'wave_description': 'The YE_ATTEF2 project was the second measurement of a longitudinal study on the source of individual differences of cognition, attention, and executive functioning from preschool to young adulthood. This project included the measurement five years after baseline (YE_ATTEF1) among 12-year old twin pairs (mean age = 12.4 years, SD = 0.14 years) and their 8-16 year old siblings (mean age = 11.97 years, SD = 2.55 years), and additionally recruited new twin pairs and siblings of the twin pairs. Behavioral data were collected with surveys filled in by parents and teachers (Conners, Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD symptoms and Normal behavior Scale (SWAN), Teacher Report Form (TRF)) or filled in by children themselves (Youth Self Report (YSR)). To measure pubertal development, children filled in the Tanner questionnaire. Neurocognitive abilities were assessed with computerized ANT tasks, Flanker, Simon and Stroop. IQ was assessed with WISC-R. DNA was collected to determine zygosity and for genotyping SNP’S at candidate gene loci. Saliva was collected to assess cortisol concentrations.', 'wave_end_date_collection': '2004-01-01', 'wave_language': 'NL', 'wave_physical_data_product_description': 'Data collected through paper-and-pencil surveys have been scanned. All data digitally archived. ', 'wave_start_date_collection': '2002-01-01', 'wave_title': 'YE_ATTEF2', 'wave_universe': '144', 'wave_contributor': [{'wave_contributor_affiliation': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier_scheme': 'ROR', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_contributor_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://orcid.org/', 'wave_contributor_identifier_type': 'ORCID', 'wave_contributor_name': 'Polderman, Tinca', 'wave_contributor_pid': '0000-0001-5564-301X'}], 'wave_creator': [{'wave_creator_affiliation': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam', 'wave_creator_affiliation_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'wave_creator_affiliation_identifier_scheme': 'ROR', 'wave_creator_affiliation_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_creator_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://orcid.org/', 'wave_creator_name': 'Boomsma, Dorret I.', 'wave_creator_pid': '0000-0002-7099-7972'}], 'wave_funding': [{'wave_funder_identifier_schemuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_funder_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'wave_grant_number': '904-57-94'}], 'wave_publisher': [{'wave_publisher_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'wave_publisher_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'wave_publisher_name': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam'}], 'wave_references': [{'wave_references_citation': 'Polderman, T. J. C. (2007). Genetics of Attention and Executive Functioning. https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/genetics-of-attention-and-executive-functioning. ISBN: 9789086590964.', 'wave_references_identifier': 'https://hdl.handle.net/1871/10808', 'wave_references_identifier_type': 'Handle', 'wave_references_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}], 'wave_subject_codes': [{'wave_subject_code': 'C', 'wave_subject_code_translated': 'Child'}, {'wave_subject_code': 'S', 'wave_subject_code_translated': 'Sibling (not part of multiple)'}]}, {'wave_alternate_title': 'Cognitive abilities of 12-year-old twins [YE_COG12]', 'wave_cohort': 'NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register', 'wave_cohort_ckan_id': '6f88a94b0bf79a8304ba604c655c08a9', 'wave_description': 'The YE_COG12 project was the fourth measurement of a longitudinal study on the development of intelligence and problem behavior (waves one and two not included in this catalogue, wave 3: YE_COG10), and targeted 12-year old twins (mean age = 12 years, SD = 0.08 years) born between 1986 and 1988. Intelligence was measured by the Dutch version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R). Cortisol and testosterone levels were measured in saliva, which was collected on two consecutive days. Pubertal development was measured with the Tanner self-report scales. Behavioral data was collected with the Youth Self-Report (YSR).', 'wave_end_date_collection': '2000-01-01', 'wave_language': 'NL', 'wave_physical_data_product_description': 'Data collected through paper-and-pencil surveys have been scanned. All data digitally archived. ', 'wave_start_date_collection': '1998-01-01', 'wave_title': 'YE_COG12', 'wave_universe': '144', 'wave_contributor': [{'wave_contributor_affiliation': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier_scheme': 'ROR', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_contributor_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://orcid.org/', 'wave_contributor_identifier_type': 'ORCID', 'wave_contributor_name': 'Bartels, Meike', 'wave_contributor_pid': '0000-0002-9667-7555'}], 'wave_creator': [{'wave_creator_affiliation': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam', 'wave_creator_affiliation_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'wave_creator_affiliation_identifier_scheme': 'ROR', 'wave_creator_affiliation_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_creator_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://orcid.org/', 'wave_creator_name': 'Boomsma, Dorret I.', 'wave_creator_pid': '0000-0002-7099-7972'}], 'wave_funding': [{'wave_funder_identifier_schemuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_funder_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'wave_grant_number': '575-25-012'}, {'wave_funder_identifier_schemuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_grant_number': 'R 56-467'}], 'wave_publisher': [{'wave_publisher_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'wave_publisher_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'wave_publisher_name': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam'}], 'wave_references': [{'wave_references_citation': 'Bartels, M. (2003). Behavior problems, cognition, and hormones: A longitudinal-genetic study in childhood. VU. https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/behavior-problems-cognition-and-hormones-a-longitudinal-genetic-s. ISBN: 9090164901, 9789090164908.', 'wave_references_identifier': 'https://hdl.handle.net/1871/10640', 'wave_references_identifier_type': 'Handle', 'wave_references_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}], 'wave_subject_codes': [{'wave_subject_code': 'C', 'wave_subject_code_translated': 'Child'}]}, {'wave_alternate_title': 'Cognitive abilities of 18-year-old twins [YE_COG18]', 'wave_cohort': 'NTR: Young Netherlands Twin Register', 'wave_cohort_ckan_id': '6f88a94b0bf79a8304ba604c655c08a9', 'wave_description': 'The YE_COG18 project is the fifth measurement of a longitudinal study into the development of intelligence and problem behaviour (waves one and two not included in this catalogue, wave 3: YE_COG10, wave 4: YE_COG12), to which additional participants were recruited (twins with siblings and their parents). It targeted 18-year old twins (mean age = 18.1 years, SD = 0.5 years) born between 1986 and 1991, their 8-35 year old siblings (mean age = 18.8 years, SD = 4.9 years) born between 1970 and 1998, and their parents (mean age = 48.9 years, SD = 4.14 years) born between 1942 and 1965. The test protocol consisted of a physical part and a psychological part. Physical measurements included cardiovascular functioning (assessed with the VU-AMS device), a physical examination with basic anthropometric measurements and the collection of saliva, DNA and fingerprints. The psychological part consisted of a series of cognitive tests that measured the following abilities: intelligence (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, WISC-R or Revised Amsterdamse Kinder Intelligentie Test, RAKIT); inhibition (Stroop); spontaneous production of words (Verbal fluency); verbal learning and memory (California Verbal Learning Task, CVLT); emotion recognition (Reading the mind in the eyes); perceptual speed (Π inspection time task); spatial short term memory (n-back task and Corsi block tapping task). Furthermore, some questionnaires were administered to the participants (Autism-Spectrum Quotient, Tanner self-report), mothers of the twins (Social Responsiveness Scale) and research assistants (Test Observation form).', 'wave_end_date_collection': '2006-01-01', 'wave_language': 'NL', 'wave_physical_data_product_description': 'Data collected through paper-and-pencil surveys have been scanned. All data digitally archived. ', 'wave_start_date_collection': '2004-01-01', 'wave_title': 'YE_COG18', 'wave_universe': '216', 'wave_contributor': [{'wave_contributor_affiliation': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier_scheme': 'ROR', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_contributor_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://orcid.org/', 'wave_contributor_identifier_type': 'ORCID', 'wave_contributor_name': 'Hoekstra, Rosa A.', 'wave_contributor_pid': '0000-0002-1333-9762'}, {'wave_contributor_affiliation': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier_scheme': 'ROR', 'wave_contributor_affiliation_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_contributor_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://orcid.org/', 'wave_contributor_identifier_type': 'ORCID', 'wave_contributor_name': 'Estourgie-van Burk, Frederiek', 'wave_contributor_pid': '0000-0001-7562-641X'}], 'wave_creator': [{'wave_creator_affiliation': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam', 'wave_creator_affiliation_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'wave_creator_affiliation_identifier_scheme': 'ROR', 'wave_creator_affiliation_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_creator_identifier_schemeuri': 'https://orcid.org/', 'wave_creator_name': 'Boomsma, Dorret I.', 'wave_creator_pid': '0000-0002-7099-7972'}], 'wave_funding': [{'wave_funder_award_title': 'Spinoza Prize', 'wave_funder_identifier_schemuri': 'https://ror.org/', 'wave_funder_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'wave_grant_number': '56-464-14192'}], 'wave_publisher': [{'wave_publisher_identifier': 'https://ror.org/008xxew50', 'wave_publisher_identifier_type': 'ROR', 'wave_publisher_name': 'Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam'}], 'wave_references': [{'wave_references_citation': 'Hoekstra, R. A. (2007). Autistic traits, withdrawn behaviour and cognition: a longitudinal twin study from early childhood to young adulthood. https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/autistic-traits-withdrawn-behaviour-and-cognition-a-longitudinal-.', 'wave_references_identifier': 'https://hdl.handle.net/1871/33194', 'wave_references_identifier_type': 'Handle', 'wave_references_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}, {'wave_references_citation': 'Estourgie-van Burk, G. F. (2011). Variation in growth and the influence of early growth in later life: a twin-sibling study. https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/variation-in-growth-and-the-influence-of-early-growth-in-later-li. ISBN: 9789086595532.', 'wave_references_identifier': 'https://hdl.handle.net/1871/19635', 'wave_references_identifier_type': 'Handle', 'wave_references_type': 'IsDescribedBy'}], 'wave_subject_codes': [{'wave_subject_code': 'C', 'wave_subject_code_translated': 'Child'}, {'wave_subject_code': 'S', 'wave_subject_code_translated': 'Sibling (not part of multiple)'}]}]
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